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Development and Application of Semiconductor Materials

Source:Shenzhen Yushuoxin Electronic Co., LtdTime:2017-02-28

 In recent years, nanoelectronics, optoelectronics, and so on, based on quantum mechanical effects (such as quantum size effects, quantum tunneling, quantum interference, Coulomb blocking, and nonlinear optical effects) of low-dimensional semiconductor structural materials (i.e., semiconductor quantum structure materials) Quantum computing and quantum communication, as well as light computing, biological computing. Low-dimensional semiconductors include two-dimensional lattice, quantum well materials, one-dimensional quantum wires and zero-dimensional quantum dot materials.

 The Development of Semiconductor Materials
 Semiconductor materials from discovery to development, from use to innovation, with this long history. At the beginning of the twentieth century, there was a point of contact with the ore detector. In 1930, cuprous oxide rectifier manufacturing success and widely used, is the beginning of semiconductor materials attention. 1947 germanium point contact with the transistor made, a major breakthrough in the semiconductor research results. The late 1950s, the development of thin film growth hormone and the invention of integrated circuits, is the further development of microelectronics technology. 60 years, gallium arsenide materials made of semiconductor lasers, solid solution semiconductors This Ario in the infrared research and development, the application of semiconductor materials has been expanded. In 1969, the concept of superlattice and the development of superlattice quantum wells were successful. The design and manufacture of semiconductor devices from magazine engineering to energy band engineering, semiconductor materials research and application to a new field. Since the 1990s, with the rapid development of mobile communication technology, gallium arsenide and phosphide smoke and other semiconductor materials become the focus for the production of high-speed high-frequency high-power excitation optoelectronic devices; In recent years, new semiconductor materials research breakthrough, Gallium nitride as the representative of the advanced semiconductor materials began to show superior superiority, known as the IT industry, the new engine.

 Application of several semiconductor materials
 Elemental semiconductor materials
 Silicon is widely used in the current application. He is not only the basic material for semiconductor integrated circuits, semiconductor devices and silicon solar cells, but also the electronic devices and products produced by semiconductors have entered a wide range of people's lives, people used in household appliances To more than 80% of the electronic devices and cases are inseparable from the silicon material. Germanium is a rare element, the lower content of the crust, due to the unique properties of germanium, making its application mainly focused on the production of various diodes, transistors and so on. And other germanium production of Qianjiang such as detectors, but also has many advantages, widely used in many fields.

 Organic semiconductor materials
 Organic semiconductor materials have heat-activated conductivity, such as naphthalene anthracene, polypropylene and polydiorylene benzene and alkali metal and anthracene complex, organic semiconductor materials can be divided into organic, polymer and donor receptor complex three The Organic semiconductor chips and other products of poor production capacity, but with processing convenience, durable, low cost, wear and tear and other characteristics.

 Amorphous semiconductor materials
 The properties of the amorphous semiconductor bond are divided into two kinds of covalent bond amorphous and ionic bond amorphous semiconductors, which can be prepared by liquid phase rapid cooling method and vacuum steam or sputtering method. In industry, amorphous semiconductor materials are mainly used for the preparation of non-crystalline semiconductor devices such as sensors and solar cell thin film transistors.

 Compound semiconductor material
 Compound semiconductor materials a wide range of elements in the periodic table family to classify, divided into three five families, twenty six families, four four family and so on. Today, compound semiconductor materials have been in the field of solar cells, optoelectronic devices, ultra-high-speed devices, microwave and other fields occupy an important position, and different types have different applications.
 In short, the rapid development of semiconductor materials, widely used, with the passage of time and technology development, the application of semiconductor materials will be more important and critical, semiconductor technology and semiconductor materials development will also move towards more high-end market.